Internet consulté le 05-01-2005, http://www.topogs.org/b_long.html
Information trouvée : Stephen Harriman Long, explorer and surveyor, son of Moses and Lucy (Harriman) Long,
was born on December 30, 1784, in Hopkinton, New Hampshire, one of thirteen children.
He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1809 and taught school for a time before entering
the United States Army in December 1814 as a second lieutenant of engineers. He
taught mathematics for two years at the United States Military Academy at West Point;
in 1816 he was brevetted a major in the Corps of Topographical Engineers. In July
he joined Gen. Henry W. Atkinson's "Yellowstone Expedition," bound from St. Louis
to the Rocky Mountains aboard the United States Steamboat Western Engineer. In 1823
Long explored the sources of the Minnesota and Red rivers in the north and the United
States-Canadian boundary west of the Great Lakes. He was brevetted a lieutenant colonel
in 1826 and assigned by the War Department as consulting engineer to the Baltimore
and Ohio Railroad in 1827. In that position he promoted the adaptation of wooden bridges
to railroad use and formulated a series of tables for determining curves and grades,
which he published in his important Rail Road Manual in 1829. Long remained with the
B&O until 1830 and from 1834 to 1837 surveyed railroad routes in Georgia and Tennessee.
For the next three years he was chief engineer of the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad,
in which post he was promoted to regular major when the Topographical Engineers became
a separate corps in 1838. Along with his army duties, Long continued his consulting
services to various railroads until 1856, when he was put in charge of navigation
improvements on the Mississippi. In 1861 he was promoted to colonel and called to
Washington, D.C., to succeed Col. John J. Abert, father of James W. Abert, as commander
of the Topographical Engineers. Long remained in that position until his retirement
from the army in June 1863, three months after his corps had been merged with the
Corps of Engineers. He died at his home in Alton on September 4, 1864.
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